AN ANALYSIS OF IDEATIONAL MEANING REALIZED ON RECOUNT TEXTS IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOLL GRADE X

This research is aimed at analyzing the ideational meaning realized on recount texts in English textbook for Senior High School Grade X. The objectives of this study are to describe the dominant processes and circumtances realized on realized on recount texts in English textbook. The researcher employed qualitative descriptive as the research design. The data were taken and collected through a documents collection. The documents were collected from English textbook for Senior High School Students Year X (revised 2017). This book was written by Utami Widiati, Zuliati Rohmah, and Furaidah and was published by Pusat Kurikulum and Perbukuan, Balitbang, Kemendikbud (2017). There were 4 recount texts that analyzed and identified. The researcher used transitivity analysis as tool to analyzes recount texts. The results of data analysis showed that the dominant processes found on recount texts is material processes. It occurred 90 times (51.8%) in the textbook and it refers to process of construing material of action and doing. Meanwhile, the dominant circumtances found on recount texts is circumtances of time. It is occurred 40 times (44.4%) and it refers to answer question such as “when?” and also to give information about times. Finally, this research is recommended for the students of English education program who want to improve their understanding about SFL especially in ideational meaning.


INTRODUCTION
As language teachers, we often use textbooks as a tool for teaching and learning. Based on Richards (2015, p. 1) stated that textbooks are key component in most language programs. Moreover, Sugiarto, B.,et.al (2015) state that the essential constituents in the process of teaching and learning English are the textbooks that are often used by English teachers. Therefore, textbooks can work primarily to supplement teacher instruction. For learners, the textbook can be a source of learning with language other than input given by the teacher.

This research encourages to do research on Systemic Functional
Linguistics (SFL) realized on recount texts in English textbook. SFL itself is a renewal of traditional and formal grammar, which focuses language as a source to produce meaning (Gerot & Wignell, 1994, p. 6). This study present one system of analysis is ideational meaning. This system helps in analyzing a text and other types of text in order to see how it produces and produces meaning.
ideational meaning realized through transitivity analysis. Ideational meaning is meaning about experience and representation. (Gerot & Wignell, 1994, p.11  SFL is very useful for contribution in the field of teaching, especially on language teaching. it can be used for preparation of a lesson plan or material selection. SFL can increase the creativity the teacher for learning process, in addition, SFL can also encourage the children to critical thinking and analytical on reading passage. So, the children can be trained slowly how to analyze the relationship, meaning, content, and purpose of the texts or contexts.

Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL)
SFL is the study of language. According to Bloor & Bloor (2004) Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) is a living and developing field, which broadens and deepens our understanding of the way human language works. SFL analysis divided into three simultaneous meanings (ideational, interpersonal, and textual) called metafunction which are expressed in clause structure, the ideational as (experience and representation), the interpersonal as (interaction and relationship), and the textual as (message).
according to Gerot & Wignell (1994)  based on Gerot & Wignell (1994) interpersonal meaning is a meaning that expresses attitudes and judgments of speakers. Meanings are realized in wordings through mood and modality. Gerot & Wignell (1994) stated that textual meanings is express language relationships with their environment, including the verbal environment -what has been said or non-verbal. These meanings are realised through patterns of theme and rheme.

Ideational meaning
Ideational meaning is kind of SFL. Gerot & Wignell (1994) said that ideational meaining is an analysis that examines ongoing activities and the circumstances surrounding happenings and doings. Meanwhile, Halliday & Mattiessen (1994) stated that ideational meaning is a clause expressing the meaning of a sentence. These meanings are realized in wordings through participants, processes and circumstances. Based on the above explanations the researcher concludes that ideational meaning enable us to represent what is going on in the world, to talk about our experience, knowledge and ideas.
According to Gerot & Wignell (1994) ideational meaning realized through transitivity system. Transitivity system consists of three elements namely participant, processes, and circumstances. Participants are specific names and represent an individual. Processes or predicative refers to verbs contained in text both material, mental, verbal, behavioral, relational and existential processes.
Meanwhile, circumstances are descriptions of places, times, ways and others that can be put at the beginning, middle or end of the sentence.

Transitivity System
Based on Gerot & Wignell (1994)  Third, circumtances of manner. Gerot & Wignell (1994) said that circumtances of manner refers to several sub-categories, such as means, quality and comparison. Forth, circumtances of cause is to inform the reason and to answer question why?. There are three kinds of circumtances cause which are reason, purpose and behalf. Fifth, circumtances of accompaniment is to give the information "with who", the usual preposition used in accompaniment is "with", "without", "besides", and "instead of". Sixth, circumtances of matter is to inform "about what" or "with reference to what", the preposition phrase commonly used in circumstance is a preposition-like phrase "about", "concerning", "with reference". Seventh, circumtances of role is to answer questions "as what?", commonly used in the role are "as', 'like and 'by way of'. In this research, the researcher analyze the ideational meaning through transitivity as the one proposed by Gerot & Wignell (1994) on recounts texts from 10th grade EFL textbook. Analyzing the data consist of two steps. Firstly, the texts divided into clauses or sentences and then identifying the transitivity system.

METHOD
Secondly, to find out the dominant processes and circumtances, the researcher calculated the process of transitivity which found in English textbook, as follows:

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
The data of recount texts were taken and collected through a documents Processes or predicative refers to verbs contained in text both material, mental, verbal, behavioral, relational and existential processes.
There are 174 clauses were analyzed in this research. The characterized processes are material, behavioural, mental, verbal, relational and existential.
Material process is the dominant processes found in recount texts occurs 90 times (51.8%) in the textbook and it refers to process of construing material of action and doing. It is similar with the result of Eggins analysis, According to Eggins (2004) the dominant processes is indicates that texts are centrally concerned with actions and events and the participants who carry them out.
Mental process occurs 6 times (3.4%). It refers to process of thinking, knowing, liking, wanting, and perceiving. verbal process occurs 12 times (6.9%) which refers to the process of construing something said by its participant.
Relational process occurs 60 times (34.5%) and it construes relationships of description. Existential process has the lowest frequency of occurrence and it only occurs 3 times (1.7%) in recount texts and it refers to process of existing.
Behavioral process occurs 3 times (1.7%) in recount texts. Meteorogical process has the lowest frequency of occurrence because there is no meteorogical processes who appear in recount tetxs.

The circumtances of transitivity
There are 90 Circumstances found in this research. Gerot  give information about times. It is similar with Rizqiya, based on Rizqiya (2014) this indicates informational addition is the circumtances of time, with that information the reader know the times of the texts. Moreover, circumtances of place found in recount texts occurs 29 times (32.2%) and it refers to inform the location or anwer question such as "where?". Circumtances of means in manner found in recount texts occurs 5 times and it refers to tells by what means and to answer questions such as "what with?". Circumtances of quality and comparison there are not found in recount texts. Circumtances of reason found in recount texts occurs 5 times (%) and it refers to tells what causes the Process and to answer question such as "why?" or "how?".
Circumtances of purpose are found in recount texts 1 time (1.1%) and it referes to tells the purpose and to answer question such as "what for?".
Circumtances of behalf there is no found in recount texts. Circumtances accompaniment are found in recount texts 7 times (7.8%) and it refers to tells with who or what and to answer question such as "who?" or "what else?".
Circumtances of matter are fount in recount texts accurs 2 times ( The results shows that she found the dominant processes is relational processes, it occured 63 times. Different with present research, in present research the dominant processes is material processes, it occured 89 times and also the previous study did not percetage the circumtances of transitivity. In present research, the researcher used percentage of circumtances. Thirdly, the study conducted by Salsabil (2014)  According to some previous studies highlighted above, the researcher can concluded that there are similarities concerning the research done by the researcher. First, they employed SFL with focus in ideational meaning through transitivity. Second, the discourse taken from textbook and the differences is from the results of dominant processes and circumtances.

CONSCLUSIONS
Based on the result of analysis, material process is the dominant processes found in recount texts occurred 90 times (51.8%) in the textbook and it refers to process of construing material of action and doing. Moreover, circumtances of time is the dominant circumtances found in recount texts occurred 40 times (44.4%) and it refers to answer question such as "when?" and also to give information about times. It is similar with Rizqiya, based on Rizqiya (2014) this indicates informational This study only focus on transitivity which related to metafunctions of ideational meaning. According to Gerot & Wignell (1994), there are three kinds of metafunctions which are ideational, interpersonal and textual meanings. The researcher suggests for other researchers. It is better to conduct all analysis system on SFL, such as ideational, interpersonal, and textual meanings on reading passage. So, we will know all the meanings of system on SFL. The ideational as (experience and representation), the interpersonal as (interaction and relationship) and the textual as (message).
This study only focus on ideational meaning through transitivity system.
The researcher suggests for other researchers. It is better to conduct all analysis system on SFL, such as ideational, interpersonal, and textual meanings in reading passage. So, we will know all the meanings of system on SFL. The ideational as (experience and representation), the interpersonal as (interaction and relationship) and the textual as (message).