Analysis of Leading Vegetable Commodities in Blora Regency

Each region has different potential for vegetable commodities, so a study of superior vegetable commodities in that region is needed. This research was carried out with the aim of finding out superior vegetable commodities in the sub-districts in Blora Regency. Research data is in the form of data published by the Blora Regency Central Statistics Agency. Determining superior vegetable commodities is carried out using Location Quotient (LQ). The research results show that shallots are the leading commodity in Kradenan, Bogorejo, Banjarejo and Japah Districts. Curly chilies are a superior commodity in Jiken, Bogorejo, Jepon, Tunjungan, Japah, Ngawen and Todanan Districts. Cayenne pepper is a superior commodity in the Districts of Jati, Randublatung, Kradenan, Jepon, Blora Kota and Kunduran. Tomatoes are a superior commodity in the districts of Jati, Kradenan, Jiken, Blora Kota, Japah, Ngawen and Kunduran. Petsai is a superior commodity in Kradenan and Banjarejo Districts.


INTRODUCTION
Regional development is carried out by utilizing existing resources optimally, starting with determining priority sectors for economic growth, which is expected to be a driving factor for other sectors to develop into the main driver of development (Isyanto et al, 2019).The economic growth of a region is basically influenced by the comparative advantage of a region, regional specialization, and the economic potential of that region.Therefore, utilizing and developing all economic potential is a top priority that must be explored and developed in implementing sustainable regional economic development (Sadikin et al, 2021).Comparative advantage is a measure of potential competitiveness (advantage), which means that competitiveness will be achieved if the economy does not experience any distortion at all (Harinta et al, 2018).Naturally, economic development must be supported by the development of a strong agricultural sector both from the supply and demand sides (Handayani et, 2022).Agricultural development cannot be separated from the development of rural areas which places agriculture as the main driver of the economy (Labongkeng et al, 2021).Development planning activities to develop the economic sector begin with identifying leading sectors or regional economic potential (Isyanto et al, 2019).One of the regional economic development policies is the development of flagship areas based on the potential of the region (Isyanto et al, 2018), so that regional planning for leading commodities needs to be paid attention to (Aziz et al, 2021).Horticulture plays an important and strategic role and occupies a strategic position in the development of the agricultural sector because of its role as a main component in the food pattern of hope.Horticultural commodities, especially vegetables, hold the most important part of food balance, so they must be available at all times in sufficient quantities, of good quality, safe for consumption, at affordable prices, and accessible to all levels of society (Angreini et al, 2021).Vegetable commodities have large market opportunities both domestically and abroad because they have high economic value.Vegetable plants are a type of food that is consumed at any time, so demand is always available (Septiadi and Nursan, 2020).Vegetable commodity development can be successful if it is carried out with regional planning and determining leading commodities in each region so that production remains high and is able to compete in the market, both locally and internationally (Raharjo et al, 2015).Leading commodities are commodities that are considered suitable for development in the form of farming, because these commodities have beneficial value for farmers in terms of social, biophysical and also economic value (Martauli and Gracia, 2021) to be developed in a region (Zamhari et al, 2017).Leading commodities that have strategic potential to be developed physically and socio-economically are leading agricultural commodities (Heldayani et al, 2022).The leading commodity approach is based on the opinion that what needs to be developed in a region is the ability to produce and sell these products efficiently and effectively by using local resources for export and generating regional wealth and creating job opportunities.In this way, the regional economy will move faster, thereby increasing people's income (Zamhari et al, 2017).The growth of the basic sector will influence regional economic growth which will become a source of regional income and increase consumption and investment.This increase in regional income will encourage increased demand for products from the non-based sector which will increase investment in the non-based sector (Isyanto et al, 2018).Empirical facts show that the base sector is able to develop and contribute greatly to economic development, while the non-base sector has a lower contribution (Isyanto et al, 2018).The leading sector (base) is the sector that is the backbone of the regional economy because it has a fairly high competitive advantage (Handayani et, 2022).Each region has different potential for vegetable commodities, but until now it is not yet known which base areas for leading vegetable commodities produced by that region, so a study of the potential of the base areas is needed to be able to find out which regions contribute the most and have an important role. in determining the leading commodities in the agricultural sector in a region.One method that can be used to analyze leading commodities is to use Location Quotient (LQ) analysis to determine leading commodities in the agricultural sector (Faqih, 2021).LQ is a method that compares the added value contribution of a sector in a smaller area to the added value of the relevant sector in a wider area.This method is generally used to identify leading sectors (base) that have the potential to be developed optimally (Isyanto et al, 2018).LQ is an efficient method for determining commodity concentrations in several regions and then policy makers or researchers can plan or evaluate the growth of a region (Zamhari et al, 2017).

RESEARCH METHODS
The data used in this research is secondary data published by Biro Pusat Statistik of Blora Regency.The data obtained was analyzed using Location Quotient (LQ) analysis.This analysis is an approach used to determine the base or non-base sectors of a region.Analysis of leading vegetable commodities in Blora Regency was carried out by referring to Hendayana (2003) in Handayani et al (2022) as follows: Where: LQ : Location Quotient Index pi : Total production of vegetable commodity i at subdistrict level pt : Total production of vegetable commodities at subdistrict level Pi : Total production of vegetable commodity i at district level Pt : Total production of vegetable commodities at district level The LQ value obtained will be in the range of less than or equal to one to greater than the number 1, which according to Ardhana and Qirom (2017): LQ >1: base sector; this means that commodity i in a region has a comparative advantage.LQ =1: non-base sector; meaning that commodity i in a region does not have advantages, its production is only sufficient to meet the region's own needs.LQ < 1: non-base sector; this means that commodity i in a region cannot meet its own needs until supplies are needed from outside.Ardhana and Qirom (2017) further explained that the LQ value indicates the degree of specialization or concentration of the commodity in the area concerned relative to the reference area.This means that the greater the LQ value in an area, the greater the degree of concentration in that area.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION LQ analysis produces commodities that are classified as basic and non-basic commodities which can contribute to increasing regional income.In a region, the economic sector is divided into 2 sectors, namely the basic and non-basic sectors, where the difference lies in the advantages and disadvantages in the process of meeting needs which causes export and import mechanisms between regions.Basic commodities are the result of community activities whose results are aimed at external regions, while non-basic commodities are the results of activities aimed at their own region.Commodities that have LQ > 1 are considered to have a comparative advantage because they are classified as basic.Commodities that are classified as basic and have the widest distribution area are one of the leading commodity indicators (Isyanto et al, 2019).The leading vegetable commodity area is a leading vegetable commodity that will be developed by each subdistrict region.The determination of base and non-base can be determined based on the LQ value of vegetable commodities for each subdistrict as shown in table 1.   Table 5 shows that the subdistricts which are the base areas for tomato vegetables are Jati, Kradenan, Jiken, Blora Kota, Japah, Ngawen and Kunduran subdistricts.All of these subdistricts have been able to meet their own needs for tomato vegetables, and can even export these vegetables to other sub-districts or even outside the Blora Regency area.

Chinnese Cabbage
The results of the analysis using LQ show the basic and non-basic subdistricts for chinnese cabbage vegetables as shown in table 6.Table 6 shows that the sub-districts which are the base areas for chinnese cabbage vegetables are Kradenan and Banjarejo sub-districts.All of these sub-districts have been able to meet their own needs for chinnese cabbage vegetables, and can even export these vegetables to other sub-districts or even outside the Blora Regency area.

Table 1 .
Location Quotient value of vegetable commodities

Table 1
shows the LQ values of vegetable commodities in subdistricts in Blora Regency.The description of each vegetable commodity is as follows:

Table 5 .
LQ values for tomato