Preserving Cultural Heritage Exploration: Unveiling The Therapeutic Properties Of Endangered Plants (Hangasa, Parahulu, Honje)

Siti Rohimah, Andri Noviadi, Wulan Sondarika, Ririn Lestari, Lusi Nurdianti, Idris Adewale Ahmed, Tan Chun Hoe, Undang Ruhimat

Abstract

Background: Hangasa (Engelhardia spicata), Parahulu (Vatica scortechinii), and Honje (Toona sinensis) plants have long been utilized by traditional communities for various purposes, including medicinal and daily needs. However, their existence is endangered, emphasizing the necessity to explore their therapeutic potential as a cultural heritage preservation effort. Objective: This study aims to identify phytochemical compounds in these plants and evaluate their pharmacological activities. Methodology: Plant samples were collected from their natural habitats, extracted, and tested for phytochemical compounds and biological activities. Results: Hangasa, Parahulu, and Honje contain phytochemical compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and potential anticancer activities. Conclusion: These rare plants possess therapeutic potential that can be utilized for the development of nutraceutical products. The combination of traditional knowledge with scientific research supports preservation and innovation in the field of nutraceuticals. Recommendations: Recommendations include the development of nutraceutical products, preservation of traditional knowledge, public education, and further research to understand the mechanisms of action of phytochemical compounds and effective product formulations.

Keywords

Cultural heritage; conservation; food forest plants; phytochemical analysis; therapeutic potential

Full Text:

PDF

References

Akagawa, M., Nakano, M., & Ikemoto, K. (2016). Recent progress in studies on the health benefits of pyrroloquinoline quinone. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 80(1), 13–22.

Al-Khayri, J. M., Sahana, G. R., Nagella, P., Joseph, B. V, Alessa, F. M., & Al-Mssallem, M. Q. (2022). Flavonoids as potential anti-inflammatory molecules: A review. Molecules, 27(9), 2901.

Andesmora, E., Muhadiono, M., & Hilwan, I. (2017). Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used by People in Hiang Indigenous Forest Kerinci, Jambi. Journal of Tropical Life Science, 7(2), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.07.02.02

Anggarani, M. A., & Maulana, D. A. (2018). Optimizing the drying temperature of temulawak simplicia (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) based on water and ash content and functional compound. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1108(1), 012099.

Azeem, M., Hanif, M., Mahmood, K., Ameer, N., Chughtai, F. R. S., & Abid, U. (2023). An insight into anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin: A review. Polymer Bulletin, 80(1), 241–262.

Bai, L., Li, X., He, L., Zheng, Y., Lu, H., Li, J., Zhong, L., Tong, R., Jiang, Z., & Shi, J. (2019). Antidiabetic potential of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine: a review. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 47(05), 933–957.

Barbosa-Filho, J. M., Piuvezam, M. R., Moura, M. D., Silva, M. S., Lima, K. V. B., da-Cunha, E. V. L., Fechine, I. M., & Takemura, O. S. (2006). Anti-inflammatory activity of alkaloids: A twenty-century review. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 16, 109–139.

Barreira, J. C. M., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2015). Steroids in natural matrices: Chemical features and bioactive properties. Biotechnology of Bioactive Compounds: Sources and Applications, 395–431.

Cardoso, C. A. L., Vilegas, W., & Honda, N. K. (1998). Qualitative determination of indole alkaloids, triterpenoids and steroids of Tabernaemontana hilariana. Journal of Chromatography A, 808(1–2), 264–268.

Chen, H.-W., Wei, B.-J., He, X.-H., Liu, Y., & Wang, J. (2015). Chemical components and cardiovascular activities of Valeriana spp. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015.

Cheok, C. Y., Salman, H. A. K., & Sulaiman, R. (2014). Extraction and quantification of saponins: A review. Food Research International, 59, 16–40.

Cho, S.-Y., Kim, H.-W., Lee, M.-K., Kim, H.-J., Kim, J.-B., Choe, J.-S., Lee, Y.-M., & Jang, H.-H. (2020). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in relation to the flavonoids composition of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Antioxidants, 9(10), 986.

Dembitsky, V. M., Savidov, N., Poroikov, V. V, Gloriozova, T. A., & Imbs, A. B. (2018). Naturally occurring aromatic steroids and their biological activities. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 102, 4663–4674.

Dey, P., Kundu, A., Kumar, A., Gupta, M., Lee, B. M., Bhakta, T., Dash, S., & Kim, H. S. (2020). Chapter 15 - Analysis of alkaloids (indole alkaloids, isoquinoline alkaloids, tropane alkaloids). In A. Sanches Silva, S. F. Nabavi, M. Saeedi, & S. M. Nabavi (Eds.), Recent Advances in Natural Products Analysis (pp. 505–567). Elsevier. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816455-6.00015-9

Gao, Q., Wang, L., Zhang, M., Wei, Y., & Lin, W. (2020). Recent advances on feasible strategies for monoterpenoid production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 8, 609800.

Garg, A., Sharma, R., Dey, P., Kundu, A., Kim, H. S., Bhakta, T., & Kumar, A. (2020). Analysis of triterpenes and triterpenoids. In Recent advances in natural products analysis (pp. 393–426). Elsevier.

Güçlü-Üstündağ, Ö., & Mazza, G. (2007). Saponins: properties, applications and processing. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 47(3), 231–258.

Gul, R., Jan, S. U., Faridullah, S., Sherani, S., & Jahan, N. (2017). Preliminary phytochemical screening, quantitative analysis of alkaloids, and antioxidant activity of crude plant extracts from Ephedra intermedia indigenous to Balochistan. The Scientific World Journal, 2017.

Guo, C. A., Ding, X., Hu, H., Zhang, Y., Yang, H., & Wang, Y. (2022a). An ethnobotanical study on wild plants used by Tibetan people in Gyirong Valley, Tibet, China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-022-00565-1

Guo, C. A., Ding, X., Hu, H., Zhang, Y., Yang, H., & Wang, Y. (2022b). An ethnobotanical study on wild plants used by Tibetan people in Gyirong Valley, Tibet, China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-022-00565-1

Guo, G., Chen, S., Zhang, D., Wang, J., Lei, M., Ju, T., & Wei, H. (2024). Influence of biochar on the arsenic phytoextraction potential of Pteris vittata in soils from an abandoned arsenic mining site. Chemosphere, 141389.

Gupta, A., Saleh, N. M., Das, R., Landis, R. F., Bigdeli, A., Motamedchaboki, K., Campos, A. R., Pomeroy, K., Mahmoudi, M., & Rotello, V. M. (2017). Synergistic antimicrobial therapy using nanoparticles and antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection. Nano Futures, 1(1), 015004.

Hikmawanti, N. P. E., Fatmawati, S., & Asri, A. W. (2021). The effect of ethanol concentrations as the extraction solvent on antioxidant activity of Katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) leaves extracts. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 755(1), 012060.

Huang, F.-Q., Dong, X., Yin, X., Fan, Y., Fan, Y., Mao, C., & Zhou, W. (2020). A mass spectrometry database for identification of saponins in plants. Journal of Chromatography A, 1625, 461296.

Ishak, C. Y., & Elgailani, I. E. H. (2016). Methods for extraction and characterization of tannins from some Acacia species of Sudan. Pakistan Journal of Analytical & Environmental Chemistry, 17(1), 7.

Jiang, Y., Chen, L., Zeng, J., Wang, Y., Chen, Y., Chen, S., Xu, J., & He, X. (2024a). Anti-inflammatory monoterpenes from morinda (Morinda officinalis how.). Phytochemistry, 114034.

Jiang, Y., Chen, L., Zeng, J., Wang, Y., Chen, Y., Chen, S., Xu, J., & He, X. (2024b). Anti-inflammatory monoterpenes from morinda (Morinda officinalis how.). Phytochemistry, 114034.

Jin, H., Tang, G., Li, J., Ma, L., Li, Y., & Chang, Y. (2020). Simultaneous determination of phenolic acids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, and triterpenes of cynomorii herba in different harvest times by LC-MS/MS. Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry, 2020.

Kadir, R., & Hale, M. D. (2017). Antioxidant potential and content of phenolic compounds in extracts of twelve selected Malaysian commercial wood species. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 75, 615–622.

Kardel, M., Taube, F., Schulz, H., Schütze, W., & Gierus, M. (2013). Different approaches to evaluate tannin content and structure of selected plant extracts-review and new aspects. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 86(1).

Kareem, O., Ali, T., Dar, L. A., Mir, S. A., Rashid, R., Nazli, N., Gulzar, T., & Bader, G. N. (2022). Positive health benefits of saponins from edible legumes: Phytochemistry and pharmacology. Edible Plants in Health and Diseases: Volume II: Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties, 279–298.

KM Chaves, S., M Feitosa, C., & da S Araújo, L. (2016). Alkaloids pharmacological activities-prospects for the development of phytopharmaceuticals for neurodegenerative diseases. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 17(7), 629–635.

Laurance, W. F. (2010). Habitat destruction: death by a thousand cuts. Conservation Biology for All, 1(9), 73–88.

Mabry, T., Markham, K. R., & Thomas, M. B. (2012). The systematic identification of flavonoids. Springer Science & Business Media.

Macáková, K., Kolečkář, V., Cahlíková, L., Chlebek, J., Hošt’álková, A., Kuča, K., Jun, D., & Opletal, L. (2014). Tannins and their influence on health. In Recent advances in medicinal chemistry (pp. 159–208). Elsevier.

Malini, D. M., Madihah, M., Kusmoro, J., Kamilawati, F., & Iskandar, J. (2017). Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Karangwangi, District of Cianjur, West Java. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 9(2), 345–356.

Marrelli, M., Conforti, F., Araniti, F., & Statti, G. A. (2016). Effects of saponins on lipid metabolism: A review of potential health benefits in the treatment of obesity. Molecules, 21(10), 1404.

Mustafa, A. M., Abouelenein, D., Acquaticci, L., Alessandroni, L., Angeloni, S., Borsetta, G., Caprioli, G., Nzekoue, F. K., Sagratini, G., & Vittori, S. (2022). Polyphenols, saponins and phytosterols in lentils and their health benefits: an overview. Pharmaceuticals, 15(10), 1225.

Ndirangu, E. G., Opiyo, S., & Ng’ang’a, M. W. (2020). Chemical composition and repellency of Nigella sativa L. seed essential oil against Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. Trends in Phytochemical Research, 4(2), 77–84.

Oladeji, O. S., Adelowo, F. E., Ayodele, D. T., & Odelade, K. A. (2019). Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Cymbopogon citratus: A review. Scientific African, 6, e00137.

Patočka, J., & Jakl, J. (2010). Biomedically relevant chemical constituents of Valeriana officinalis. Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 8(1), 11–18.

Petelka, J., Bonari, G., Säumel, I., Plagg, B., & Zerbe, S. (2022). Conservation with local people: medicinal plants as cultural keystone species in the Southern Alps. Ecology and Society, 27(4). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-13510-270414

Quiñones, M., Miguel, M., & Aleixandre, A. (2013). Beneficial effects of polyphenols on cardiovascular disease. Pharmacological Research, 68(1), 125–131.

Rahayu, S. E., Purba, R., & Matondang, I. (2021). Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants inurug indigenous village, Bogor District, Indonesia. Plant Archives (09725210), 21(2).

Rahman, M. M., Tikhomirova, A., Modak, J. K., Hutton, M. L., Supuran, C. T., & Roujeinikova, A. (2020). Antibacterial activity of ethoxzolamide against Helicobacter pylori strains SS1 and 26695. Gut Pathogens, 12, 1–7.

Rajput, A., Sharma, R., & Bharti, R. (2022). Pharmacological activities and toxicities of alkaloids on human health. Materials Today: Proceedings, 48, 1407–1415.

Rasouli, H., Farzaei, M. H., & Khodarahmi, R. (2017). Polyphenols and their benefits: A review. International Journal of Food Properties, 20(sup2), 1700–1741.

Rosmi, R. F. (2021). The Effect of Drying Method on Turmeric Rhizome Simplicia’s Quality. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, 1(3), 274–282.

Sangeetha, K. S. S., Umamaheswari, S., Reddy, C. U. M., & Kalkura, S. N. (2016). Flavonoids: Therapeutic potential of natural pharmacological agents. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 7(10), 3924.

Sapiun, Z., Pangalo, P., Imran, A. K., Wicita, P. S., & Daud, R. P. A. (2020). Determination of total flavonoid levels of ethanol extract Sesewanua leaf (Clerodendrum fragrans Wild) with maceration method using UV-Vis spectrofotometry. Pharmacognosy Journal, 12(2).

Scherrer, M. M., Zerbe, S., Petelka, J., & Säumel, I. (2023). Understanding old herbal secrets: The renaissance of traditional medicinal plants beyond the twenty classic species? Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1141044.

Shaikh, J. R., & Patil, M. (2020). Qualitative tests for preliminary phytochemical screening: An overview. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8(2), 603–608.

Sharma, K., Kumar, V., Kaur, J., Tanwar, B., Goyal, A., Sharma, R., Gat, Y., & Kumar, A. (2021). Health effects, sources, utilization and safety of tannins: A critical review. Toxin Reviews, 40(4), 432–444.

Sharma, R. (2014). Polyphenols in health and disease: Practice and mechanisms of benefits. In Polyphenols in human health and disease (pp. 757–778). Elsevier.

Stan, M., Soran, M. L., Varodi, C., & Lung, I. (2012). Extraction and identification of flavonoids from parsley extracts by HPLC analysis. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1425(1), 50–52.

Thakur, M., Sharma, A., Kumar, A., Gautam, M., & Kumari, S. (2023). Bio-synthesis of lead oxide nanoparticles using Chinese Mahogany plant extract (CMPE@ LO) for photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities. BioNanoScience, 13(4), 1896–1910.

Tu, T., Giblin, D., & Gross, M. L. (2011). Structural determinant of chemical reactivity and potential health effects of quinones from natural products. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 24(9), 1527–1539.

Waksmundzka-Hajnos, M., & Sherma, J. (2010). High performance liquid chromatography in phytochemical analysis. CRC press.

Wang, S., Bao, L., Zhao, F., Wang, Q., Li, S., Ren, J., Li, L., Wen, H., Guo, L., & Liu, H. (2013). Isolation, identification, and bioactivity of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids from the mycelia of edible mushroom Pleurotus cornucopiae. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61(21), 5122–5129.

Wink, M. (2016). Alkaloids: Toxicology and Health Effects. In B. Caballero, P. M. Finglas, & F. Toldrá (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Food and Health (pp. 106–114). Academic Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384947-2.00020-9

Yang, C., Zhao, Y., Ren, D., & Yang, X. (2020). Protective effect of saponins-enriched fraction of gynostemma pentaphyllum against high choline-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and hepatic damage in mice. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 43(3), 463–473.

Yang, S., Zhu, Q., Ye, X., Guo, J., Du, J., Wu, Y., Jiang, J., & Ding, Z. (2024). Identification of the characteristic chemical constituents in fermented Toona sinensis buds and exploration of their hypoglycemic efficacy by widely targeted metabolomics. Food Bioscience, 57, 103609.

Yeo, Y. L., Chia, Y. Y., Lee, C. H., Sow, H. S., & Yap, W. S. (2014). Effectiveness of maceration periods with different extraction solvents on in-vitro antimicrobial activity from fruit of Momordica charantia L. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 4(10), 16–23.

Zaidan, S., Abdillah, S., Pratami, D. K., & Utami, S. A. (2022). Nanoparticles of brown seaweed (sargassum polycystum) extract and its antioxidant activity in rats fed high-fat diet. Int J App Pharm, 14(4), 186–191.

Zhang, Y., Li, M., Li, X., Zhang, T., Qin, M., & Ren, L. (2018). Isoquinoline alkaloids and indole alkaloids attenuate aortic atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 9, 602.

Zhang, Y., Long, Y., Yu, S., Li, D., Yang, M., Guan, Y., Zhang, D., Wan, J., Liu, S., & Shi, A. (2021). Natural volatile oils derived from herbal medicines: a promising therapy way for treating depressive disorder. Pharmacological Research, 164, 105376.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ihc.v1i1.14868

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.