EVALUASI KINERJA USAHATANI NANAS DAN PERANNYA DALAM MENDUKUNG KEBUTUHAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DI KABUPATEN SUBANG

Adi Nugraha, Edy Suryadi, Sophia Dwiratna, Fitrah Rahmah Insani

Abstract


ABSTRAKKabupaten Subang merupakan salah satu sentra produksi nanas di Indonesia, dengan komoditas ini menjadi sumber pendapatan utama bagi petani lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja usahatani nanas dan kontribusinya terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah tangga petani, khususnya dalam kaitannya dengan skala penguasaan lahan. Studi dilakukan melalui survei terhadap 127 responden yang dipilih secara acak proporsional dari tiga kecamatan utama penghasil nanas di Subang. Analisis mencakup perhitungan biaya produksi, pendapatan, dan profitabilitas, dengan indikator utama berupa rasio penerimaan terhadap biaya (R/C) dan rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya (B/C). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa skala penguasaan lahan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi dan profitabilitas usahatani. Petani dengan lahan lebih luas (>1 hektar) memiliki nilai R/C sebesar 2,31 dan B/C sebesar 1,31, yang menunjukkan efisiensi dan keuntungan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan petani dengan lahan sempit (<0,5 hektar) yang hanya mencapai B/C sebesar 0,78. Kontribusi usahatani terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah tangga juga bervariasi, dengan petani lahan sempit hanya mampu memenuhi 42% kebutuhan, sementara petani lahan luas mencapai 111%. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan intervensi kebijakan berupa akses permodalan, pelatihan teknologi, dan konsolidasi lahan untuk mendukung keberlanjutan usahatani nanas di Subang. Kata Kunci: Usahatani nanas, skala penguasaan lahan, kinerja usahatani, Subang, keberlanjutan agribisnis.ABSTRACT Subang Regency is one of the leading pineapple production centers in Indonesia, with the commodity serving as the primary source of income for local farmers. This study aims to evaluate the performance of pineapple farming and its contribution to fulfilling farmers' household needs, particularly in relation to landholding scale. The research was conducted through a survey of 127 respondents selected using proportional random sampling from three main pineapple-producing districts in Subang. The analysis included calculations of production costs, revenues, and profitability, with key indicators such as the revenue-cost ratio (R/C) and benefit-cost ratio (B/C). The results show that landholding scale significantly influences farming efficiency and profitability. Farmers with larger landholdings (>1 hectare) achieved an R/C ratio of 2.31 and a B/C ratio of 1.31, indicating higher efficiency and profitability compared to farmers with smaller landholdings (<0.5 hectares), who only attained a B/C ratio of 0.78. The contribution of pineapple farming to household needs also varied, with smallholders meeting only 42% of their needs, while larger landholders reached 111%. This study recommends policy interventions such as access to financing, technology training, and land consolidation to support the sustainability of pineapple farming in Subang. Keywords: Pineapple farming, landholding scale, farming performance, Subang, agribusiness sustainability.

Keywords


Usahatani nanas, skala penguasaan lahan, kinerja usahatani, Subang, keberlanjutan agribisnis.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/jimag.v12i1.17607

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