POTENSI TANAMAN TRANSGENIK SEBAGAI SALAH SATU TEKNOLOGI DALAM PENGELOLAAN HAMA TERPADU

Jeti Rachmawati, Taupik Sopyan

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Berbagai teknologi yang diterapkan dalam pengelolaan hama, memiliki beberapa kelemahan yang harus diantisipasi. Oleh karena itu maka perlu adanya integrasi atau pemaduan antar teknologi untuk memaksimalkan hasilnya dalam bentuk pengelolaan hama terpadu (PHT). Pengelolaan hama terpadu merupakan langkah yang sangat strategis dalam kerangka tuntutan masyarakat dunia terhadap berbagai produk yang aman dikonsumsi, menjaga kelestarian lingkungan, serta pengelolaan sumber daya alam yang berkelanjutan yang memberikan manfaat antar waktu dan antar generasi. Salah satu teknologi yang dapat digunakan dalam PHT adalah pengendalian dengan tanaman inang yang tahan hama menggunakan kultivar-kultivar tanaman yang resisten terhadap hama, yang dikenal sebagai tanaman transgenik. Tanaman transgenik memiliki potensi untuk menjadi komponen integral dari PHT, karena memilki beberapa peluang untuk menghindari resiko terjadinya peledakan hama sekunder dan resistensi hama dengan memasukan tanaman refugia. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi rekombinan DNA telah membuka peluang untuk merakit tanaman tahan hama dengan rekayasa genetika, akan tetapi teknologi ini mempunyai beberapa keunggulan dan kelemahan terhadap lingkungan. Oleh karena itu apabila penggunaan tanaman transgenik dikombinasikan dengan teknologi lain dalam pengelolaan hama, maka kemungkinan faktor-faktor negatif akibat dari tanaman transgenik dapat diminimalisir, sehingga tanaman transgenik dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu teknologi dalam  pengelolaan hama terpadu. Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan hama terpadu, tanaman transgenik, teknologi

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/jpb.v11i1.10203

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