Pertumbuhan, Daya Saing, dan Risiko Ekspor Crude Palm Oil Indonesia selama Implementasi Kebijakan Biodiesel

Abstract

Indonesia is the world's leading producer and exporter of crude palm oil, also known as CPO. Through its biodiesel policy, the Indonesian government is innovating to develop biofuel (BBN), namely biodiesel made from a mixture of diesel and CPO. Using CPO as a biodiesel feedstock will undoubtedly increase demand for CPO in the domestic market, raising concerns about CPO allocation stability between exports and domestic needs. This study examines the growth, competitiveness, and export risks of Indonesian CPO during the implementation of the biodiesel policy. The research methodology employs standard growth calculations, revealed comparative advantage (RCA), the trade specialization index (TSI), and the coefficient of variation (CV). The results show that, from 2008 to 2023, Indonesia's CPO exports experienced an 82.8% increase in export volume growth rate, demonstrating high competitiveness in the international market and a low risk level. To enhance growth, strengthen competitiveness, and maintain the low risk level of Indonesian CPO exports, efforts should be made to ensure the sustainability of high-quality oil palm ecosystems, preserve the natural and social environments of affected communities, and ensure compliance with applicable policies and regulations.